Advances and Issues in Luminescence Dating of Loess Deposits in Arid Central Asia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Leibin Wang  Haitao Wei  Jia Jia  Guoqiang Li  Fahu Chen 《地球科学进展》2018,33(1):93-102

High-resolution loess deposits are widely distributed in Arid Central Asia (ACA) and provide important records associated with dust transportation, paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution. The chronology is the foundation of the research into loess deposits as an environmental archive. In recent decades, the gradually developed optical dating method has been increasingly matured and become an important approach to establishing the loess-paleosol sequences. Here, we summarized and discussed previous work on loess chronology mainly based on optical dating approach in ACA. The following understandings have been listed: ① In comparison with optical dating method, the suitable material for ¹⁴C dating is uncommon in ACA. However, the dating range of luminescence dating is more extensive, and the dating materials are accessible. Thus, the optical dating is widely applicable in the establishment of loess framework in this area. ② Until now, the quartz Single Aliquot Regeneration (SAR) method can be applied to the establishment of loess-paleosol sequence since last glacial period. But several issues remain unaddressed. For example, the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) signal sensitivity of quartz grains are low in some areas. Furthermore, the results of OSL dating of different grain sizes within a single sample are inconsistent in some areas. The solution of these problems still requires more methodological research. ③ The post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) and multiple elevated temperature stimulation (MET-pIRIR) protoCols of feldspar have basically overcome the anomalous fading issue in the traditional IRSL dating process. In ACA, the framework since MIS 7 can be established with K-feldspar luminescence dating method. Compared with quartz luminescence characteristics, the K-feldspar luminescence signals are more sensitive and exhibit a high saturation level. In specific applications, it is necessary to establish the age frame according to the luminescence sensitivity, the age of samples or other factors.  相似文献   

大兴安岭中段龙江盆地热河生物群化石组合及生存时限——来自生物地层、年代地层新证据     

张渝金  杨雅军  蔡闹  吴新伟  张超  郭威 《地质学报》2018,92(2):197-214

龙江盆地光华组层型剖面出露完整,沉积连续,含丰富的热河生物群化石,是大兴安岭中段研究热河生物群起源、演化及辐射的重点剖面之一。本文对光华组层型剖面进行了重新精细测制,认为光华组整合于龙江组安山质角砾熔结凝灰岩之上,被甘河组玄武岩局部不整合覆盖,自下而上可识别出下、中、上3个岩性段;对该组所产动植物化石进行了系统的采集和鉴定,丰富了大兴安岭中段热河生物群的生物类别,并依据新采集化石和前人资料,尝试建立了叶肢介、介形虫、植物化石、昆虫等组合,探讨了各生物组合特征。根据对光华组剖面中段顶底岩层进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb锆石年代学研究,揭示龙江盆地热河生物生存的时代为125.4±1.4Ma至120.1±1.1Ma,大致跨越500万年,反映龙江盆地热河生物群繁盛于从阿普特期早期至阿普特期中期。结合古生物特点和笔者前期研究成果,认为龙江盆地热河生物群生存的古环境可能是间歇性或季节性的湖泊;古气候应处于温暖湿润的季节性变化的暖温带,并伴有短暂的半干旱气候。  相似文献   

Early Carboniferous ophiolite in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet: record of an oceanic back-arc system in the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean     

Tian-Yu Zhang  Cai Li  Chao-Ming Xie  Ming Wang  Yan-Wang Wu 《International Geology Review》2018,60(4):449-463

Zircon U–Pb dating of two samples of metagabbro from the Riwanchaka ophiolite yielded early Carboniferous ages of 354.4 ± 2.3 Ma and 356.7 ± 1.9 Ma. Their positive zircon εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.9) indicate that these rocks were derived from a relatively depleted mantle. The metagabbros can be considered as two types: R1 and R2. Both types are tholeiitic, with depletion of high-field-strength elements (HFSE) and enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) similar to those of typical back-arc basin basalts (BABB), such as Mariana BABB and East Scotia Ridge BABB. Geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the R1 metagabbro originated from a back-arc basin spreading ridge with addition of slab-derived fluids, whereas the R2 metagabbro was derived from a back-arc basin mantle source, with involvement of melts and fluids from subducted ocean crust. The Riwanchaka ophiolite exhibits both mid-ocean ridge basalts- and arc-like geochemical affinities, consistent with coeval ophiolites from central Qiangtang. Observations indicate that the Qiangtang ophiolites developed during the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous (D₃–C₁) in a back-arc spreading ridge above an intra-oceanic subduction zone. Based on our data and previous studies, we propose that an oceanic back-arc basin system existed in the Longmuco–Shuanghu–Lancang Palaeo-Tethys Ocean during the D₃–C₁ period.  相似文献   

Alpine metamorphism of low-grade schists from the Slavonian Mountains (Croatia): new P-T and geochronological constraints     

Dražen Balen  Hans-Joachim Massonne  Iva Lihter 《International Geology Review》2018,60(3):288-304

Low-grade schists from the Slavonian Mountains (Tisia Mega-Unit, Mt Papuk, Croatia), previously assigned to Precambrian to Lower Palaeozoic metamorphism, have been subjected to geochemical investigations, P-T modelling, and in situ age dating of monazite. The studied fine-grained metasediments consist of chlorite (5–15 vol.%), K white-mica (40–55 vol.%), quartz (20–35 vol.%), feldspar (albite 15–20 vol.%), opaques (<2 vol.%), and accessory minerals. According to their whole-rock geochemistry, the detritus of the former sediments came from upper crustal felsic rocks as they occur, for instance, at Mt Papuk. The schists show a complex microtectonic fabric, including well-developed schistosity systems. P-T pseudosections in the system MnNCKFMASHTO, constructed for typical schists of the study area, resulted in peak P-T conditions of 445–465 °C and 4.6–6.0 kbar for a sample from Kutjevo (eastern part of the study area) and 450–460 °C and 5.2–6.0 for a Vranovo sample (western part). Electron microprobe (EMP) dating of monazite in the schists gave a weighted average age of 109.0 ± 13.1 Ma (2σ) eventually with three subgroups of ages at 225 ± 63 (two analyses), 114 ± 24 and 83 ± 22 Ma. We conclude that the metamorphism of the studied schists at depths of c. 20 km is due to an Alpine collisional event.  相似文献   

北方集中供热系统气象风险评估初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈莉  李帅 《冰川冻土》2018,40(6):1285-1290

供热管网爆裂、跑冒滴漏是北方集中供热城市面临的常见问题,供热管网出现大型故障往往是在室外寒冷的隆冬时节,如果间断或限额供热时间过长,将会造成严重的社会和经济影响。同时在极端低温情况下,可能会造成热源供应不足,出现限额供热现象,不能保证室内舒适度,影响人们的正常生活。本文提出了能源供应气象风险评估和热网维修寒冷风险评估方法,并进行了案例评估,以期为未来进行相关风险评估提供参考。  相似文献   

长白山苔原带土壤温度与肥力随海拔的变化特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

高雅芳  王雷  杜海波  吴正方  杨岳  郭湘宇  李思其 《冰川冻土》2018,40(4):702-714

土壤温度与土壤肥力的分解释放、植被生长密切相关。利用2015年8月至2017年6月长白山西坡苔原带5 cm土壤温度并测试其土壤肥力,分析了土壤温度与肥力随海拔的变化特征及土壤温度对苔原带肥力的影响。结果表明：（1）长白山西坡苔原带土壤最热月为8月,最冷月为1、2月。长白山西坡苔原带土壤年均温随海拔的升高而下降,垂直变化率为-0.44℃·（100m）^-1。月均温垂直变化率则有所差别,5-9月垂直变化率为正,其余月份垂直变化率为负。（2）海拔是土壤温度空间分异的主要影响因素,冷季土壤温度随海拔升高而显著降低。随着海拔升高,越稀疏的植被和越薄的土层使得土壤热容量越小,暖季土壤温度随海拔升高而显著升高。（3）长白山西坡苔原带土壤肥力,尤其是与植物生长关系密切的速效养分随海拔升高表现出先升高再降低,在植物多样性和丰富度及草本植物盖度最高的2 250 m处达到土壤肥力最高水平。低海拔（2 050~2 250 m）的土壤肥力水平明显高于高海拔（2 350~2 550 m）的土壤肥力水平。西坡苔原带土壤肥力的空间分异状况受草本植物入侵影响较大。（4）长白山西坡苔原带土壤肥力水平随土壤温度升高而升高,温度是土壤有机质分解和矿物质养分转化的限制性因素。建议山地苔原带生态系统生产和生态管理中要重点考虑草本植被入侵给土壤肥力带来的影响。  相似文献   

大兴安岭十八站—韩家园地区中酸性侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义     

柴明春  赵国英  覃小锋  王泉  高溯  曹昆 《地质论评》2018,64(3):569-583

大兴安岭北部塔河县十八站—呼玛县韩家园地区发育早古生代中酸性侵入岩。文章选取二长闪长岩和二长花岗岩开展岩石年代学与地球化学研究。二长闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为512.4±3.5 Ma,为早—中寒武世岩浆作用的产物。岩石地球化学分析表明,中酸性侵入岩归属于准铝质—弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.77~1.04)钙碱性—高钾钙碱性系列。岩石稀土总量∑REE=69.51×10~(-6)~275.83×10~(-6),轻重稀土分异明显(La/Yb)_N=9.11~26.64。在稀土元素配分图上,显示为LREE富集、HREE相对平缓的右倾型,Eu异常不显著(δEu=0.90~1.35)。微量元素组成具明显富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr,显著亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti的特征。结合区域资料和本文研究,初步分析认为早古生代侵入体形成于活动大陆边缘或岛弧环境,为前古亚洲洋闭合背景下萨拉伊尔造山作用的产物。  相似文献   

克拉美丽山南缘西段盆山耦合机制          下载免费PDF全文

易泽军李涤  连奕驰 《地质科学》2018,(1):169-184

克拉美丽山位于准噶尔盆地东部,晚古生代克拉美丽洋盆向北俯冲消亡,西伯利亚板块与准噶尔地块在该地区发生碰撞造山。目前,就石炭纪之后克拉美丽山的构造活动存在持续挤压、拉分、伸展、挤压-伸展转换多种观点,构造样式也各不相同。本文应用断层相关褶皱理论,从盆山过渡带现今构造样式入手来探讨克拉美丽山南缘西段盆山耦合机制。研究结果表明,克拉美丽山西段在石炭纪之后经历了中二叠世早期、早三叠世早期、晚三叠世末期、晚侏罗世-早白垩世、晚白垩世早期和古新世末期6 次构造隆升。前4 期相对稳定沉积,晚白垩世早期,晚古生代地层沿着下二叠统底部的泥岩层滑脱面以叠瓦状构造楔样式向南楔入,构造缩短量大于15 km,现今盆山构造样式初步形成。始新世构造楔遭受后期突破断层改造。始新世后,克拉美丽山大规模的构造活动基本停止,地层遭受剥蚀最终形成现今地质结构。  相似文献   

阿尔金山东段阿克塞蛇绿岩地质地球化学特征及形成时代     

王军  李小强  梁明宏  王玉玺  张兵兵  潘保田 《地质通报》2018,37(4):559-569

北阿尔金蛇绿岩带是分布在阿尔金山北缘的一条蛇绿混杂岩带,超基性蛇纹岩岩块、基性岩墙、辉长岩块及基性熔岩组合是该带东段阿克塞蛇绿岩的典型组合形式。地球化学研究结果显示,阿克塞蛇绿岩超基性蛇纹岩以富MgO、贫Al_2O_3、P_2O_5、CaO和K_2O为特征,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线表现较平缓,比值接近于1;基性熔岩类中TiO_2为0.86%～1.80%,Al_2O_3为12.00%～14.85%,CaO介于4.89%～19.23%之间,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分型式表现为右倾;基性岩墙中TiO_2介于1.08%～2.44%之间,Al_2O_3含量为11.07%～13.26%,Na_2O(1.20%～2.28%)K_2O(0.80%～1.38%),稀土元素总量介于48.65×10~(-6)～124.04×10~(-6)之间,平均92.95×10~(-6);轻、重稀土元素比值介于2.22～4.45之间,总体表现为大洋中脊环境,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,阿克塞蛇绿岩形成于514.6±8.8Ma,为寒武纪,表明在早古生代北阿尔金洋已完全打开,并连通了红柳沟—阿克塞。  相似文献   

中亚陆间区南带上古生界构造和油气远景(代序)     

张抗 《地质通报》2018,37(1):1-6

安加拉-阿尔丹和华北-塔里木两大克拉通之间地壳相对活动性的地区,地质界多称为中亚陆间区,其南带大部分在中国境内。近年来,中国开始把其上古生界作为油气新区、新领域。多数人认为,其在晚古生代已形成过渡型地壳区,其中有许多地块已逐步拼合,在其上发育裂谷型沉积地质体,未受到区域变质,若干实体变形微弱并被上覆层掩盖而得到保存。源于上古生界的油气既可赋存在其内,也可运聚于中生界或基岩内,在其西段已发现了大中型油气田群。但其整体地质研究程度偏低,仍有许多重大区域地质、油气地质问题存在歧见。针对其近年来的进展、存在的问题和油气远景评价作了概括性的评论。  相似文献